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Slope Formulas:
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Slope ratio calculation determines the gradient or incline of roads and surfaces. It expresses the relationship between vertical rise and horizontal run, which is crucial for road design, construction, and safety considerations.
The calculator uses two fundamental slope formulas:
Where:
Explanation: The slope percentage indicates how steep the incline is, while the ratio provides a simplified proportion for construction and design purposes.
Details: Proper slope calculation is essential for road safety, drainage design, vehicle performance, and compliance with construction standards. It affects water runoff, vehicle stability, and accessibility.
Tips: Enter rise and run values in meters. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero. The calculator will automatically compute both slope percentage and simplified ratio.
Q1: What is the maximum recommended slope for roads?
A: Typically 6-8% for major roads, up to 12-15% for local roads, depending on local regulations and road classification.
Q2: Why is slope important for drainage?
A: Proper slope ensures water flows away from road surfaces, preventing pooling and reducing hydroplaning risks and pavement damage.
Q3: How does slope affect vehicle performance?
A: Steeper slopes increase fuel consumption, reduce vehicle speed, and require more powerful braking systems for safety.
Q4: What's the difference between slope percentage and ratio?
A: Percentage expresses slope as a percentage (rise/run × 100), while ratio shows the proportional relationship (run:rise).
Q5: When is minimum slope required?
A: Minimum slopes (usually 0.5-1%) are required for drainage purposes to ensure water flows adequately off road surfaces.